LILITH, EVE, AND ADAM: THE UNTOLD TRUTH OF THE BIBLE
What if I told you that the story of Adam and Eve doesn’t begin with Eve?
Long before the famous passage about the rib and the Garden of Eden, there existed a forgotten, shadowy, yet intensely powerful figure: Lilith. A woman created, just like Adam, from the same clay. This story is much more than a myth relegated to the margins—it’s a troubling crack in the traditional Genesis narrative. And the most curious part is that this crack has been carefully sealed for centuries.
In this article, we will unearth that buried story. We will meet Lilith, explore where the idea that she was Adam’s first wife came from, and understand how her figure directly influences the construction of Christian dogmas. But we’ll also go further: to question how the way we’ve been told the origin of humanity has shaped our culture, our religions, and the way women are treated to this day.
Who Was Lilith? The Origin of a Cursed Figure
From the Night Wind to Demonization
Lilith was not born a demon, nor a symbol of evil. Her story begins in ancient Mesopotamia, specifically in Sumerian texts from over 4,000 years ago. There, under the name Lilitu, she appears as a female spirit associated with the wind and with both erotic and threatening aspects of nature.
She wasn’t necessarily evil—rather, she was ambiguous, connected to freedom, the untamable, the unpredictable. This ambivalence is key to understanding her later transformation. Over time, her image was absorbed by other cultures: Akkadians, Babylonians, and later, Jews. Among the latter, Lilith began appearing in religious texts as a dangerous nocturnal entity.
The Talmud and the Consolidation of the Myth
In the Babylonian Talmud, a collection of rabbinic teachings written between the 3rd and 6th centuries CE, Lilith is mentioned as a fearful presence that roamed homes at night, threatening newborn babies and women in childbirth. This marked a significant shift: Lilith went from being a natural force to a threat against family and motherhood—two pillars of patriarchal society.
The Alphabet of Ben Sira: Lilith, the Original Wife
But it’s in a medieval Jewish text called The Alphabet of Ben Sira, written between the 8th and 10th centuries CE, that Lilith takes on the role we’re most interested in: Adam’s first wife. This story claims that both Adam and Lilith were created from the same clay, as equals. However, when it came to sexual relations, Lilith refused to lie beneath Adam, arguing that they were equals. Refusing to submit, she uttered the secret name of God and fled the Garden of Eden.
This act wasn’t just sexual defiance—it was total autonomy. Lilith refused to be in an unequal relationship. She chose exile over submission. And from that point on, she was transformed into a monster.
This act wasn’t just sexual defiance—it was total autonomy. Lilith refused to be in an unequal relationship. She chose exile over submission. And from that point on, she was transformed into a monster.
The Chan Thomas Version: Mother of Eve?
A lesser-known but deeply unsettling twist appears in the writings of Chan Thomas, author of The Adam and Eve Story. In his interpretation, Lilith dies during childbirth, and the surviving child is raised by Adam as his daughter. Over time, this child becomes his companion: Eve.
This version—much darker and more disturbing than the traditional narrative—suggests that Adam was not only Lilith’s husband, but also Eve’s literal father. The symbolic implication is brutal: Eve is not born from a rib, but from Lilith’s womb—Lilith who died trying to bring forth new life. And Adam, in his solitude, transforms his own offspring into a wife. Though this hypothesis is not part of biblical or rabbinical canon, it introduces a fascinating level of psychological and theological complexity worth exploring.
If read as a metaphor, the message becomes hauntingly clear: female autonomy (Lilith) dies to make way for structured obedience (Eve), in a cycle where motherhood, power, and submission are dangerously intertwined.
Here’s where things get really interesting. In the Book of Genesis, we find two different accounts of creation:
In Genesis 1:27, it says God created man and woman “in His image,” at the same time.
In Genesis 2:22, it says God created Eve from Adam’s rib.
For centuries, different interpretations have tried to reconcile these two versions. But some texts, like Ben Sira, suggest that the first account refers to Lilith: the woman created at the same time as Adam, equal to him—and erased for not obeying.
What Is This Text and Why Does It Matter?
The Alphabet of Ben Sira is a peculiar text. It mixes proverbs, tales, and moral teachings, all with an ironic and satirical tone. It was written in Hebrew during the Middle Ages, and although its author is anonymous, it presents itself as if authored by Ben Sira, the legendary writer of Ecclesiasticus (a wisdom text from the Greek and Catholic Bible).
This text is not part of the biblical canon or the official Talmud. Nonetheless, its influence has been enormous. Despite its humorous tone, it has been taken seriously by later scholars, mystics, writers, and even modern feminist movements.
Satirical or Serious? The Ambiguity That Changed Everything
What’s fascinating about this text is its ambiguity. Are we reading a rabbinical joke or a dissident version of creation? It may have started as satire, but it was later interpreted and reused in very serious contexts. The story of Lilith as Adam’s wife became a theological tool to explain why there are contradictions in Genesis—and to reinforce certain social values.
The Dogmatic Construction of Genesis
As the Church solidified its dogmas, Lilith’s story was left out. The account of Eve as the only woman created by God, from man’s body, became a cornerstone. This narrative perfectly served a hierarchical structure: God over man, man over woman.
Lilith, with her independence and rebellion, posed a direct threat to this structure. So she was pushed to the margins, demonized, forgotten, or ridiculed. Yet her shadow never fully disappeared.
This version—much darker and more disturbing than the traditional narrative—suggests that Adam was not only Lilith’s husband, but also Eve’s literal father. The symbolic implication is brutal: Eve is not born from a rib, but from Lilith’s womb—Lilith who died trying to bring forth new life. And Adam, in his solitude, transforms his own offspring into a wife. Though this hypothesis is not part of biblical or rabbinical canon, it introduces a fascinating level of psychological and theological complexity worth exploring.
If read as a metaphor, the message becomes hauntingly clear: female autonomy (Lilith) dies to make way for structured obedience (Eve), in a cycle where motherhood, power, and submission are dangerously intertwined.
What Does This Have to Do with the Bible?
Here’s where things get really interesting. In the Book of Genesis, we find two different accounts of creation:
In Genesis 1:27, it says God created man and woman “in His image,” at the same time.
In Genesis 2:22, it says God created Eve from Adam’s rib.
For centuries, different interpretations have tried to reconcile these two versions. But some texts, like Ben Sira, suggest that the first account refers to Lilith: the woman created at the same time as Adam, equal to him—and erased for not obeying.
The Alphabet of Ben Sira: Author, Date, and Purpose
What Is This Text and Why Does It Matter?
The Alphabet of Ben Sira is a peculiar text. It mixes proverbs, tales, and moral teachings, all with an ironic and satirical tone. It was written in Hebrew during the Middle Ages, and although its author is anonymous, it presents itself as if authored by Ben Sira, the legendary writer of Ecclesiasticus (a wisdom text from the Greek and Catholic Bible).
This text is not part of the biblical canon or the official Talmud. Nonetheless, its influence has been enormous. Despite its humorous tone, it has been taken seriously by later scholars, mystics, writers, and even modern feminist movements.
Satirical or Serious? The Ambiguity That Changed Everything
What’s fascinating about this text is its ambiguity. Are we reading a rabbinical joke or a dissident version of creation? It may have started as satire, but it was later interpreted and reused in very serious contexts. The story of Lilith as Adam’s wife became a theological tool to explain why there are contradictions in Genesis—and to reinforce certain social values.
Christian Dogmas vs. Apocryphal Texts: The Great Clash
The Dogmatic Construction of Genesis
As the Church solidified its dogmas, Lilith’s story was left out. The account of Eve as the only woman created by God, from man’s body, became a cornerstone. This narrative perfectly served a hierarchical structure: God over man, man over woman.
Lilith, with her independence and rebellion, posed a direct threat to this structure. So she was pushed to the margins, demonized, forgotten, or ridiculed. Yet her shadow never fully disappeared.
What If Lilith Were Officially Recognized?
Let’s imagine for a moment what it would mean to officially recognize Lilith as the first woman. The narrative of female submission would cease to be natural or divine. It would become a historical choice—not an eternal truth. Eve would no longer be the “ideal” model of woman. And Adam would cease to be the lone man in Eden.
Eve as Scapegoat: The Woman Who Sinned First
For centuries, Eve has carried enormous guilt. She is blamed for listening to the serpent, disobeying God, and dragging man into sin. This interpretation has been used to justify excluding women from positions of power, the priesthood, education, and spiritual leadership.
“Because of Eve, women must remain silent,” some theologians said. And thus, generation after generation, a seed of misogyny was sown—one we still haven’t eradicated.
This isn’t just theological revision—it’s a cultural bombshell.
Misogyny in Christian Tradition: Cause or Consequence?
Eve as Scapegoat: The Woman Who Sinned First
For centuries, Eve has carried enormous guilt. She is blamed for listening to the serpent, disobeying God, and dragging man into sin. This interpretation has been used to justify excluding women from positions of power, the priesthood, education, and spiritual leadership.
“Because of Eve, women must remain silent,” some theologians said. And thus, generation after generation, a seed of misogyny was sown—one we still haven’t eradicated.
Lilith: The Other Side of Punishment?
If Eve was punished for disobeying God, Lilith was punished for not obeying man. Her sin was different, deeper: claiming her equality. That’s why, while Eve is portrayed as naïve, Lilith is portrayed as dangerous, erotic, perverse.
The dichotomy is clear: if you obey, you’re Eve. If you rebel, you’re Lilith. Both are punished. Both reduced to symbols. Neither free.
Feminism, Theology, and Reinterpretation of the Myth
In the 20th century, Lilith was rescued from obscurity by feminist writers, artists, and thinkers. No longer a villain, she became a forerunner. From Jungian psychology to feminist poetry, Lilith has been reinterpreted as a symbol of the woman who refuses to be owned.
Today, her image appears in songs, graphic novels, TV series, academic essays, and even the names of feminist festivals. What was once a suppressed myth is now a tool of resistance.
The dichotomy is clear: if you obey, you’re Eve. If you rebel, you’re Lilith. Both are punished. Both reduced to symbols. Neither free.
The Modern Effects of This Ancient Narrative
Feminism, Theology, and Reinterpretation of the Myth
In the 20th century, Lilith was rescued from obscurity by feminist writers, artists, and thinkers. No longer a villain, she became a forerunner. From Jungian psychology to feminist poetry, Lilith has been reinterpreted as a symbol of the woman who refuses to be owned.
Today, her image appears in songs, graphic novels, TV series, academic essays, and even the names of feminist festivals. What was once a suppressed myth is now a tool of resistance.
What If We Rewrote Genesis with Both Women?
Imagine a foundational story where Adam had two women—one who refused to obey, another who accepted. It opens the door to deep reflection. What if they weren’t rivals? What if they represented complementary aspects of the feminine?
Lilith as consciousness. Eve as empathy. Adam as witness. God as creator of possibilities, not rigid structures.
Relevant primary and secondary texts:
Babylonian Talmud (Erubin 100b, Niddah 24b): early mentions of Lilith as a night demon.
Alphabet of Ben Sira (10th century): main account presenting Lilith as Adam’s wife.
Genesis 1 and 2: the two contradictory versions of woman’s creation.
Zohar (Jewish mysticism): esoteric interpretations of Lilith’s role.
Writings of Church Fathers like Augustine and Jerome: consolidation of Eve as the archetypal woman.
Contemporary works by feminist theologians: Judith Plaskow, Phyllis Trible.
Lilith: rejected equality.
Eve: institutionalized submission.
Adam: a symbol trapped between two feminine paradigms.
The way we tell our origin stories has consequences. If the beginning of the world is marked by female disobedience as sin, then all female autonomy will be seen as suspect. But if we recognize that there was another woman, another narrative, another possibility—then we also open the door to a new way of experiencing spirituality, sexuality, and power.
Lilith as consciousness. Eve as empathy. Adam as witness. God as creator of possibilities, not rigid structures.
Sources, Texts, and Evidence
Relevant primary and secondary texts:
Babylonian Talmud (Erubin 100b, Niddah 24b): early mentions of Lilith as a night demon.
Alphabet of Ben Sira (10th century): main account presenting Lilith as Adam’s wife.
Genesis 1 and 2: the two contradictory versions of woman’s creation.
Zohar (Jewish mysticism): esoteric interpretations of Lilith’s role.
Writings of Church Fathers like Augustine and Jerome: consolidation of Eve as the archetypal woman.
Contemporary works by feminist theologians: Judith Plaskow, Phyllis Trible.
Conclusion: Adam, the Man Between Two Women
Lilith: rejected equality.
Eve: institutionalized submission.
Adam: a symbol trapped between two feminine paradigms.
What does this story say about us today?
The way we tell our origin stories has consequences. If the beginning of the world is marked by female disobedience as sin, then all female autonomy will be seen as suspect. But if we recognize that there was another woman, another narrative, another possibility—then we also open the door to a new way of experiencing spirituality, sexuality, and power.



